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It all began in Russia in 1917. Daniel Leconte, Stéphane Courtois and Barbara Necek analyze the monstrous matrix which gave birth to totalitarianism. They carry out a detailed autopsy on the creation of a totalitarian regime in the USSR. Using archival footage and interviews, this film draws the veil from the legendary figure of Lenin to show how the roots of totalitarianism were already present in the system created by this first professional revolutionary. As early as 1917, civil war, red terror and work camps were the ingredients of a totalitarian system that Stalin would begin to perfect in 1924. The addition of Art. 58 to the Penal Code in view of punishing “counter-revolutionary” crimes constituted one of the main tools of Stalinist terror. Mass executions, gulags, deportations of entire non-Russian populations, and the programmed famine in the Ukraine are said to have claimed 15 million lives—the terrifying final toll of the Stalinist era.

France - 2001 - 52 mn - Betacam SP - Colour

Réalisation Daniel Leconte Scénario Daniel Leconte, Barbara Necek, Stéphane Courtois Image Arnaud Levert Son Arnaud Levert Montage Arnaud Levert

Production Doc en Stock, 79, rue du Temple, 75003 Paris, France Tél : +33 (0)1 4454 2580 Fax : +33 (0)1 4274 1821 E-mail : cblondel@docenstock.com Co-Production ARTE France

Ventes Doc en Stock, 79, rue du Temple, 75003 Paris, France Tél : +33 (0)1 4454 2580 Fax : +33 (0)1 4274 1821 E-mail : cblondel@docenstock.com