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From the Armistice of 1918 to the capitulation at Munich - two consecutive phases. The Twenties. Conservative and reactionary France sets the tone: Charles Maurras' Action Française was at its height, until the Vatican's condemnation of the movement in 1926. Julien Benda denounced "the betrayal of the intellectuals" who, after the defense of eternal values that had served as their battle cry during the Dreyfus Affair, now placed their talents in the service of identity: of nation, of class. The Thirties, and the world depression, the rise of totalitarian regimes, were the years of general mobilization. The Ethiopian war, the Popular Front, the Spanish Civil War, the Hitlerian expansion... These ongoing crises divided intellectuals into opposing camps. Some, like André Gide and Georges Bernanos, refused the simplistic certitudes of their respective camps.

France - 1999 - 52 mn - Betacam SP - Colour

Réalisation Elisabeth Kapnist Scénario Michel Winock Documentaliste Anne Gaussens Image Anne Khripounoff Son Michel Akrich Montage Françoise Belleville-Bausel

Production et Ventes BFC Productions, 5, rue Jean Mermoz, 75008 Paris, France Tél : +33 1 5643 6060 Fax : +33 1 4561 4520 E-mail : karima.bfc@orange.fr Co-Production Institut National de l'Audiovisuel, France 3, France 5